Question 1 (10 marks)
Define engineering Standards. Why engineering Standards are needed and important in design?

Question 2 (20 marks)
a) How did the first polymer kettle compare to existing ****l kettles in terms of: (10 marks)
I. Looks
II. Cost
III. Boiling time
IV. Taste of the water
V. Durability
b) Both French’s model and Pahl and Beitz model assume there is a need or a task to be fulfilled. Was this the case in the design of the plastic kettles? (10 marks)

Question 3 (12 marks)
a) "Man must rise above the Earth-to the top of the atmosphere and beyond-for only then will he fully understand the world in which he lives" Socrates, cira 450 BC. List four advantages for space.(8 marks)
b) Light travels at a speed of (3 x 108 ms-1) in a vacuum. How far away was Pioneer 10 on 5 June 2000? (4 marks)

Question 4 (30 marks)
Explain using schematic diagrams the difference “Vicious circle” and a “Virtuous circle”. Give an example of each from the area of space design.

Question 5 (10 marks)
a) A ****l rope have diameter of 5 mm. What is the stress in the rope if the force applied is 500 N? (6 marks)
b) Calculate the stain as a percentage for 15cm bar, which is extended by 1 cm? (4 marks)

Question 6 (18 marks)
a) What are the differences between intuitive engineering and professional engineering? Describe the properties of each. (8 marks)
b) What is meant by mass production, one-of-a-kind production and bulk production? (6 marks)
c) Identify the category of production (mass, bulk or one-of-a-kind) for each of the following examples: (4 marks)
i. University note book
ii. Empire state building in the USA
iii. Fluorescent light tubes
iv. Chemical fertilizer